{"id":47048,"date":"2024-07-30T08:23:49","date_gmt":"2024-07-30T04:23:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vivien.ge\/?p=47048"},"modified":"2024-07-30T08:23:49","modified_gmt":"2024-07-30T04:23:49","slug":"10-%e1%83%a8%e1%83%94%e1%83%a8%e1%83%9a%e1%83%98%e1%83%9a%e1%83%98-%e1%83%90%e1%83%93%e1%83%90%e1%83%9b%e1%83%98%e1%83%90%e1%83%9c%e1%83%98-%e1%83%a0%e1%83%9d%e1%83%9b%e1%83%94%e1%83%9a%e1%83%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vivien.ge\/?p=47048","title":{"rendered":"10 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e8\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e3\u10e5\u10d4\u10e1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u10e6\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10ed\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10da\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10de\u10dd\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10d4 \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3 \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc, \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3 – \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8, \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10e1, \u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10da\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7, \u10d2\u10d8\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d9\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10db \u10de\u10dd\u10e1\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8. \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d7 \u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10ed\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10ea \u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e3\u10e5\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10dd\u10d6\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/p>\n

1. \u10d4\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10dc \u10de\u10dd – \u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 (1809-1849)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e8\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 (\u10d6\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8 \u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d0).<\/p>\n

\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10e6\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10ee\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e5\u10ea\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10f0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0: 1830-\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d4\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0 \u10de\u10dd \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ef\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0, \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10e0\u10dd\u10e2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10dd\u10f0\u10dd\u10da\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0: \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e1 \u10d4\u10ec\u10e7\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e8\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10dd\u10f0\u10dd\u10da\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10dd\u10de\u10d8\u10e3\u10db\u10d8\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0. \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10ea\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea: \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d1\u10d8\u10eb\u10d0\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10ea\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 13 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e8\u10d8. 7 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2, 1942 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e2\u10e3\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10d7, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5 5 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0. \u10db\u10d4\u10e3\u10e6\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10de\u10dd\u10db \u10dd\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10e1\u10ea\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e5\u10dd\u10e0\u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0: \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10ea\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10eb\u10da\u10dd\u10db \u10e9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10da\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10e5\u10db\u10e0\u10dd \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d0. \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10de\u10dd \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd: \u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10dd\u10e0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10da\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10e8\u10d8. 4 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5 \u10d8\u10de\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10f0\u10dd\u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10ea \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10f0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10ea \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d4\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e1-\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10dd\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10d8. \u10d4\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10ee\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc \u10de\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e3\u10ee\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10ef\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10da\u10d3\u10e1\u10e1 – \u10e9\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10dd \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10de\u10e7\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e1.<\/p>\n

\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10d4\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0 \u10de\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e3\u10e5\u10d0: \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10d3\u10dd \u10dd\u10e0 \u10e3\u10de\u10dd\u10de\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10dd \u10df\u10d0\u10dc\u10e0\u10e1: \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8-\u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8(\u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0), \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4-\u10d3\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8. \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 (“\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e5\u10e3\u10e9\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4”) \u10d2\u10db\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e3\u10de\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d3\u10e3\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10dd\u10d9 \u10f0\u10dd\u10da\u10db\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0.<\/p>\n

2. \u10e4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee \u10dc\u10d8\u10ea\u10e8\u10d4 – \u10d2\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8 (1844-1900)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10d1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d6\u10d0\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d6\u10dd\u10e4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d5\u10d0, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10dc\u10d8\u10ea\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd \u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d5\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e9\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc, \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d8\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10ef\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10e1 \u10d4\u10eb\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0, \u10d4\u10eb\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10d9\u10d6\u10d4, \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10e2\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10ee\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0: \u10dc\u10d8\u10ea\u10e8\u10d4\u10db \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d0\u10de\u10dd\u10de\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0, \u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ef\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e8\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 20 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10dc 11 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0. \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4 \u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d8\u10ea\u10e8\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10eb\u10da\u10dd, \u10db\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10e0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10e4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10ee \u10dc\u10d8\u10ea\u10e8\u10d4\u10db \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e3\u10e5\u10d0: “\u10d6\u10d4\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0” – \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0 \u10e3\u10ea\u10dc\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10d7, \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d4\u10e1 \u10d7\u10ee\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10ee\u10e2\u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10d0\u10da, \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0, \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10da \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3. “\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0”: \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10ef\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10ec\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10dc, \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d0. “\u10e4\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d0”: \u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10e6\u10e3\u10de\u10dd\u10dc, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ef\u10d5\u10dd\u10dc; \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0: “\u10e6\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0”.<\/p>\n

3. \u10d4\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2 \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e3\u10d4\u10d8 – \u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 (1899-1961)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10db\u10ec\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e8\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10e1\u10e3\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0, \u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e8\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0:<\/strong> 1960 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e3\u10d4\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e3\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10e8\u10e8-\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ef\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0. \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e3\u10d4\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10eb\u10da\u10dd \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10ee\u10db\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10d5\u10da\u10dd \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10e8\u10dd\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 20 \u10e1\u10d4\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0:” \u10d4\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10d4 \u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10e8\u10dd\u10d9\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d4\u10e1\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1. \u10e0\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d6\u10e0\u10d8 \u10f0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d4\u10db\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e8\u10da\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10ee\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e8\u10da\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10e9\u10d4\u10db\u10e1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0. \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10db\u10d4 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1. \u10d4\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10da\u10dd \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10e1 \u10de\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8”. \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e3\u10d4\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10ec\u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10eb\u10da\u10dd \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10e9\u10d0\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d3\u10d0. \u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0. \u10ea\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d4\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d0: \u10e1\u10d0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 5 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e3\u10d4\u10d8\u10db \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10d9\u10da\u10d0: \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10da\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10d4\u10e0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2 \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e3\u10d4\u10d8\u10db \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e3\u10e5\u10d0: “\u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1” \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0; \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10e0\u10ee\u10d8-<\/p>\n

”\u10d0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8”, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10eb\u10e3\u10dc\u10ec, \u10db\u10ea\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8, \u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10eb\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8. \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e3\u10d4\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e3\u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd \u10db\u10d0\u10e9\u10dd \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10d5\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dd\u10d0 (“\u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0”), \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0: “\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1. \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1”. \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10f0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e3\u10d4\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd : \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4, \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8, \u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10da\u10d8, \u10e1\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10e2\u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8, \u10ef\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8, \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10d5\u10d6\u10d4, \u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10e1, \u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10da\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8….\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.. \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ec\u10e3\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4 \u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10d4, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10db\u10d3\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0: “\u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10dd\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1, \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d0\u10dc \u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e8\u10e3\u10d1\u10da\u10e8\u10d8”.<\/p>\n

4. \u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10ea \u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d9\u10d0 – \u10e9\u10d4\u10ee\u10d8 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 (1883-1924)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8, \u10e4\u10e3\u10dc\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10dd\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0, \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10d0\u10d2\u10d6\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e3\u10eb\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10db\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0:<\/strong> \u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d9\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e6\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc, \u10d3\u10d0\u10eb\u10d0\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc, \u10e9\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10dd \u10e3\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d9\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10dd\u10ef\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e3\u10ec\u10d4\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0.<\/p>\n

“\u10e9\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d4\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e7\u10dd-\u10e1\u10d8\u10d2\u10d8\u10df\u10d4, “-\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10ea\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d4\u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10ed\u10e0\u10dd \u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d4\u10ef\u10e6\u10d0\u10d1\u10dc\u10d0, \u10d1\u10d8\u10ed\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e2\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0. \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e5\u10e1 \u10d1\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3\u10db\u10d0 \u10d8\u10ee\u10e1\u10dc\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10e0\u10ee\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10e0 \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10ef\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ec\u10d8\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8. \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e9\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1: \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e6\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e8\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 41 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e2\u10e3\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d9\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0: \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10db \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10dd \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10ea.<\/p>\n

\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10ea \u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d9\u10d0\u10db \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e3\u10e5\u10d0: \u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d9\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8, \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10d1\u10d4\u10ed\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10de\u10e7\u10e0\u10dd. \u10d9\u10d0\u10e4\u10d9\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd – \u10d0\u10e6\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ec\u10d8\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0 \u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea “\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10d7” \u10d4\u10ec\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0. \u10d4\u10e1 \u10df\u10d0\u10dc\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0 XX \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1.<\/p>\n

5. \u10ef\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10d5\u10d8\u10e4\u10e2\u10d8 – \u10d8\u10e0\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d8\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 (1667-1745)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10de\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10da\u10ea\u10f0\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d1\u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0, \u10e1\u10d8\u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d6\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0, \u10db\u10d4\u10ee\u10e1\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0, \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10db\u10d4\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0: \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10ef\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10d5\u10d8\u10e4\u10e2\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e3\u10e5\u10d0: \u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0. \u10e0\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0, “\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0” \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10db\u10d8\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e3\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10dc\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e5 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d0, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3 \u10dd\u10de\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10d8\u10db \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10e3\u10e8\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10dc \u10e2\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d9\u10dd\u10de\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e3\u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc, \u10ef\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10d5\u10d8\u10e4\u10e2\u10db\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0 \u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d6\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dd\u10ea\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10e0\u10e3\u10d3\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d0\u10db “\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d6\u10d8\u10d7” \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d7 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0\u10d5 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10da\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10d5-\u10e8\u10e9\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8.<\/p>\n

6. \u10df\u10d0\u10dc-\u10df\u10d0\u10d9 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10dd – \u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e4\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10e1\u10d8 (1712-1778)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d8\u10d0<\/p>\n

\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 – \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e3\u10da \u10d4\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d6\u10d0\u10d3\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0, \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e9\u10d4\u10e0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 – \u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10d8\u10e2\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc, “\u10db\u10dd\u10db\u10d7\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4” \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d4\u10ec\u10d4\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0. \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10ec\u10db\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10d9\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10ea\u10d8\u10ee\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d2\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0: 1760 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10df\u10d0\u10dc-\u10df\u10d0\u10d9 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10dd\u10db \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10ea\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8 “\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8, \u10d0\u10dc\u10e3 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1”, \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8 \u10f0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10d9\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc. \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d4\u10ed\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10db \u10e3\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10dd. \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10d0\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10d7\u10e5\u10db\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0; \u10e3\u10d0\u10d6\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10db\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1; \u10d4\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10d0\u10db \u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10e0\u10d0\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d0\u10e3\u10da\u10e8\u10d8. \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10da \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10dd \u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d6\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc. \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10db\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10dc\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7-\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10db\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8. \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10dd\u10db \u10e9\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10de\u10d8\u10dc\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d0\u10db\u10d5\u10da\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10e9\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4.<\/p>\n

\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e3\u10e5\u10d0: \u10de\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0. \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4 \u10de\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0\u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10d7\u10e3 \u10d8\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10df\u10d0\u10dc-\u10df\u10d0\u10d9 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10dd\u10e1 “\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d7”. \u10d0\u10e6\u10d6\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d8\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10dd\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10d5\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0 \u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10de\u10e7\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7. \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10dd\u10d7 \u10db\u10e8\u10e0\u10d0\u10da \u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4 \u10db\u10d4\u10e5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10ef\u10d0\u10ed\u10d5\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d5\u10e3\u10ee\u10e1\u10dc\u10d0\u10d7 \u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d8\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10db\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10e4\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10da\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10dd\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10e8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10dc\u10d8 \u10d8\u10db \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d6\u10d4.<\/p>\n

7. \u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d6 \u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10da\u10d8 – \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 (1809-1852)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10d8\u10d0, \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8<\/p>\n

\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10db\u10ee\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10f0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d0\u10de\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10e8\u10d4\u10d6\u10e6\u10e3\u10d3\u10e3\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 (\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da \u10e3\u10eb\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d4, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10db\u10df\u10e6\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0), \u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0, \u10db\u10ec\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10de\u10dd\u10f0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d9\u10da\u10d0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0: \u10e8\u10d8\u10d6\u10dd\u10e4\u10e0\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10db\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3 \u10d8\u10db \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10da\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8\u10da\u10d6\u10d4, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10dc\u10d4\u10da \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0. 1852 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 29 \u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3\u10ea\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e2\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0. \u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10de\u10dd\u10f0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0. \u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10da\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d8\u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e6\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10da\u10dd\u10ea\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10e0\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e3\u10d1\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e3\u10da \u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d4\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10dc\u10ef\u10d0 \u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10da\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10dd\u10d6\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10ef\u10d8\u10e3\u10e2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10eb\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd. 11 \u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e6\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10d5\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0. \u10db\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e6\u10dd, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10ea, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d4\u10e1 “\u10db\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0” \u10db\u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d3 \u10ec\u10e3\u10e0\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10db\u10d8\u10d7, \u10ea\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d4\u10ec\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10d8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10ec\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d8\u10d7 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e4\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0. \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10d3\u10e6\u10d4 \u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 21 \u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0. \u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10e3\u10da\u10d8. \u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e3\u10d3\u10dd\u10d3, \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10d5\u10d4 \u10db\u10d8\u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e4\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10dc. \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ec\u10e3\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3, \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e3\u10ec\u10d5\u10d3\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e9\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0, \u10d7\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10db \u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d3\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d4\u10eb\u10da\u10dd.<\/p>\n

\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d6 \u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e3\u10e5\u10d0: \u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10ea\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0, \u10e3\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10dd \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10d6\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d1\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d6\u10d8\u10d6\u10e6\u10d8\u10d7. \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d4\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10dd\u10ea\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d6\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dd\u10eb\u10d4\u10d1\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e2\u10d8\u10de\u10d0\u10df\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7. \u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e1\u10de\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d0\u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10de\u10dd\u10de\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0( \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3, “\u10db\u10d9\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8”).<\/p>\n

8. \u10d2\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 – \u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 (1850-1893)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10e2\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d1\u10da\u10d0.<\/p>\n

\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10d8\u10de\u10dd\u10f0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0, \u10e1\u10e3\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0, \u10db\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d5\u10d0, \u10f0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0: \u10d2\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ef\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d8\u10de\u10dd\u10f0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10d8\u10d7: \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d4\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10ed\u10d9\u10e3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e8\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e7\u10dd. 1884 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10dd\u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10ec\u10e7\u10dd \u10dc\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10f0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10e3\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10ec\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10dc\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10dd\u10e0\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0 \u10e1\u10ea\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 (\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10da \u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10da\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10e0\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7). \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d5\u10d4 \u10ea\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d3\u10d0. 1891 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10ec\u10d5\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10ea \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10dc\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1\u10d9\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8).<\/p>\n

\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10d2\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d4 \u10db\u10dd\u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e3\u10e5\u10d0: \u10e4\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10dc\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d8 (\u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8) \u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8; \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 – \u10d3\u10d0\u10e3\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d4\u10d1\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10dd, \u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10db\u10dd\u10de\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 “\u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d6\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1” \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10de\u10dd\u10de\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10e3\u10da \u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10db\u10d0\u10dd\u10d3 \u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10da \u10e3\u10d4\u10da\u10d1\u10d4\u10d9\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e4\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9 \u10d1\u10d4\u10d2\u10d1\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10ea \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0.<\/p>\n

9. \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d5\u10e3\u10da\u10e4\u10d8 – \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 (1882-1941)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0, \u10f0\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d9\u10dd\u10e8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10e6\u10e0\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10d0\u10db \u10e9\u10d8\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10db\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d4\u10e1\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10ed\u10d8\u10d9\u10ed\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d6\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ee\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4. \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10da\u10d8\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10eb\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd. \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ef\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e3\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10d3\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d9\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7.<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0: \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 13 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd, \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ea\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10db\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d8\u10eb\u10d0\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10d5\u10d8\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10dc \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10dc\u10d8. \u10d0\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10db \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e3\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d8\u10d6\u10e6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10e4\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d7\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0. \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10de\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10ea\u10d3\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10e3\u10da \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d7\u10d5\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d8\u10da\u10e2\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d7\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ea\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d4\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea \u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10da \u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d3\u10dd.<\/p>\n

\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0, \u10db\u10d2\u10e0\u10eb\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10db \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ea\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0, \u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10db \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e3\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0\u10e6\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d0\u10e1\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1. \u10d2\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d3\u10d0 1904 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10ea\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0. \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d5\u10e3\u10da\u10e4\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8, \u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d7\u10ee\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e4\u10d8\u10e5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e3\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d0. \u10d1\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d5\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d6\u10d8\u10d6\u10e6\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8 \u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10e3\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10db \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea \u10d9\u10d8 \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d2\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0 \u10e4\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10e1: \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10ea\u10dc\u10d0\u10e1, \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d0\u10ef\u10d4\u10d7, \u10e3\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10d1\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d9\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10d7\u10db\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10e4\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10d0\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0.<\/p>\n

29 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10ea\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10f0\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0 \u10da\u10d4\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10dd \u10d5\u10e3\u10da\u10e4\u10e1. \u10db\u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10ea\u10dd\u10da-\u10e5\u10db\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10ec\u10e7\u10d5\u10d8\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10dd \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d4\u10e3\u10e6\u10da\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d4\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e0\u10ea\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10d0 \u10ed\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10db \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0 \u10e8\u10d4\u10eb\u10da\u10dd \u10db\u10d4\u10e3\u10e6\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ea\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10ec\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d0\u10e0 \u10f0\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10d7.<\/p>\n

1941 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10da\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d1\u10dd\u10db\u10d1\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d8. \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10db\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d5 \u10e3\u10e4\u10e0\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10db\u10ec\u10d5\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0. \u10d4\u10e5\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d0\u10e2\u10d4\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10d7\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10d0\u10e2\u10e0\u10d8\u10e3\u10da \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ec\u10dd\u10da\u10d0. \u10db\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10db \u10d8\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10d7, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d5\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10da \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e5 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0, \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d8\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4\u10da \u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d4 \u10e1\u10ea\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10eb\u10d8\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 – \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10ee\u10e0\u10e9\u10dd \u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4 \u10dd\u10e3\u10e1\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n

\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d5\u10e3\u10da\u10e4\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e3\u10e5\u10d0: \u10dc\u10dd\u10d5\u10d0\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10dd\u10e5\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d3\u10e6\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0; \u10d2\u10db\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e6\u10e0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10d4\u10db\u10d0; \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e0\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10e4\u10d4\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0 – \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d0\u10db \u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d5\u10e3\u10da\u10e4\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dc\u10d0\u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10da\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e5\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e4\u10dd\u10dc\u10d3\u10e8\u10d8. \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10e0\u10d0 \u10e2\u10dd\u10da\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1 “\u10dc\u10d8\u10ed\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10ec\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4”, \u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10ef\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d5\u10e3\u10da\u10e4\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10db\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d3\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d0\u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0 \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10d6\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 “\u10e8\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8”.<\/p>\n

10. \u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8 – \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8 \u10de\u10dd\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 (1895-1925)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u10d3\u10d8\u10d0\u10d2\u10dc\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10d1\u10d8\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e4\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e8\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0<\/p>\n

\u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10e2\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8:<\/strong> \u10d3\u10d4\u10d5\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0, \u10db\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10ee\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10d4\u10ea\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 – \u10de\u10dd\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10ec\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d0\u10db\u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10d5\u10d4\u10ef\u10e1, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d9\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10ed\u10e3\u10e0\u10ed\u10d4\u10da\u10e1, \u10e8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e7\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd \u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1).<\/p>\n

\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10d3\u10db\u10e7\u10dd\u10e4\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0: \u10ee\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea, \u10e0\u10dd\u10d2\u10dd\u10e0\u10ea \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e7\u10dd \u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10dd\u10f0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8 \u10d3\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7, \u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4\u10ef\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10db\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8 \u10e4\u10e1\u10d8\u10e5\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0 \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 – \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10d7\u10e8\u10d8. \u10db\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d0\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10db, \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ec\u10e3\u10ee\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd\u10d3, \u10d3\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d4\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10e6\u10dd: \u10de\u10e0\u10dd\u10e4\u10d4\u10e1\u10dd\u10e0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10e3\u10e8\u10d9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10db\u10d4 \u10d9\u10d5\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2 \u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10d9\u10da\u10d0: \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ee\u10e0\u10e9\u10dd \u10d2\u10d0\u10d7\u10d1\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 \u10da\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10e0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10db\u10e0\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8 “\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10da\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8”.<\/p>\n

\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10ea \u10e1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d2\u10d4\u10d8 \u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e9\u10e3\u10e5\u10d0: \u10d0\u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10dc\u10e2\u10dd\u10dc\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10de\u10dd\u10d4\u10d6\u10d8\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8. \u10db\u10d0\u10dc \u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0 \u10dc\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10db\u10ea\u10ee\u10dd\u10d5\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7. \u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10dc\u10d8\u10dc\u10db\u10d0, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d1\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10e1 \u10db\u10e3\u10e8\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d3\u10d0 \u10e5\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e5\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ee\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d2\u10dc\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e3\u10e7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10e3\u10da \u10e8\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d3\u10e6\u10d4\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4 \u10de\u10dd\u10de\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u10e6\u10d5\u10d7\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10dc\u10d8\u10ed\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ef\u10d8\u10da\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10ec\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc \u10de\u10dd\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10ea\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10da\u10d4 \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3 \u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d9\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc, \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd\u10d3 – \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10ea\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc, \u10ee\u10dd\u10da\u10dd \u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10ec\u10d5\u10d4\u10e0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10d4\u10dc \u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da \u10d2\u10d6\u10d0\u10e1, \u10e0\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10d3 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d0\u10e0 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e9\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d8\u10d2\u10d8, \u10e7\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d0\u10ee\u10da\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d4, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ea\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10e3\u10ea\u10dc\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10e1, \u10d0\u10d9\u10e0\u10eb\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10da\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10dc \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7, \u10d2\u10d8\u10df\u10e3\u10e0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d9\u10d8. \u10d0\u10db \u10de\u10dd\u10e1\u10e2\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ec\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3 \u10d0\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d6\u10d4 \u10d2\u10d5\u10d4\u10e5\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8. \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d2\u10d8\u10d3\u10d2\u10d8\u10dc\u10dd\u10d7 \u10d0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10e3\u10dc\u10d8\u10ed\u10d8\u10d4\u10e0\u10d4\u10e1\u10d8, \u10d7\u10e3\u10db\u10ea\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10d7 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":47049,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-47048","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-sakitxavi"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vivien.ge\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47048","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vivien.ge\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vivien.ge\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vivien.ge\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vivien.ge\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=47048"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vivien.ge\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47048\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":47050,"href":"https:\/\/vivien.ge\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47048\/revisions\/47050"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vivien.ge\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/47049"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vivien.ge\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=47048"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vivien.ge\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=47048"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vivien.ge\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=47048"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}